There are two main ways of changing anatomy. One is natural, and one is done by selective breeding, or eugenics. Natural mutations are what makes evolution happen. If a species goes to an island, where there is limited food and not much meat, they will adapt to suit their environment over many generations. They don't do this in minutes, but rather over generations. The creatures who are smaller, and don't have to eat meat will survive more and have more offspring. That means that the species as a whole changes. The same happened with Homo Erectus to Homo Sapiens. Having a more developed brain was more advantageous to survive and therefore reproduce more.
The other way of change is selective breeding. A good example is with dogs. Originally, the dogs were like modern wolves, but humans tamed them, and took the ones that were most friendly and had the best senses and physical prowess. Others were bred to be smaller, and others were bred to be bigger. Although no animals have been tamed in the last 4,000 years, they have still been evolving. For instance, dogs that are smarter, and more likeable by humans are breeding more, and so they are better and better at interacting with humans and are more adept at staying in urban homes. In conclusion, mutation is what let the human race be the dominant race on planet Earth.
The other way of change is selective breeding. A good example is with dogs. Originally, the dogs were like modern wolves, but humans tamed them, and took the ones that were most friendly and had the best senses and physical prowess. Others were bred to be smaller, and others were bred to be bigger. Although no animals have been tamed in the last 4,000 years, they have still been evolving. For instance, dogs that are smarter, and more likeable by humans are breeding more, and so they are better and better at interacting with humans and are more adept at staying in urban homes. In conclusion, mutation is what let the human race be the dominant race on planet Earth.
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